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Commelina caroliniana
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・ Commelina eckloniana
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・ Commelina erecta
・ Commelina fluviatilis
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・ Commelina grossa
・ Commelina hockii
・ Commelina kotschyi
・ Commelina lukei
・ Commelina maculata


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Commelina caroliniana : ウィキペディア英語版
Commelina caroliniana

''Commelina caroliniana'', sometimes known as the Carolina dayflower, is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family native to India and Bangladesh. Both the scientific name and the common name are misleading as the plant was described based on specimens found in the southeastern United States before it was known that the plant had been introduced from India. It was most likely introduced to South Carolina in the late 17th century along with rice seed from India. Its flowers emerge from summer to fall and rarely into the winter.
==Taxonomy==
''Commelina caroliniana'' was originally described by Thomas Walter in 1788 in his work ''Flora caroliniana''. As soon as 1805, other authors began to treat the name as a synonym of ''Commelina communis'', while others excluded it altogether. Some, such as G.H.E. Muhlenberg in 1818, did continue to recognise the species as distinct. In 1881, Charles Baron Clarke began to treat it as a synonym of ''Commelina diffusa'', then known as ''Commelina nudiflora''. In the 20th century its placement varied, with Albert Radford treating it as a doubtful species in his 1968 ''Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas'', and Duncan and Kartesz continuing to consider it a synonym of ''C. diffusa'' in their 1981 ''Vascular Flora of Georgia''.
Robert Faden published a paper in 1989 that reviewed the literature regarding the species. After studying Walter's original description and specimens, Faden determined that the species was in fact distinct from ''C. diffusa''. Furthermore, while working on the Flora of Ceylon project, Faden noticed that ''C. caroliniana'' was identical to a species found in India, namely ''Commelina hasskarlii''. This name had been given by Charles Baron Clarke in 1874, nearly a century after the description of ''C. caroliniana''. Given that ''C. caroliniana'' was closely related to several other old world species of ''Commelina'' more than any other North American species, Faden determined that ''Commelina caroliniana'' must have been introduced and made ''Commelina hasskarlii'' a synonym of it.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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